Tunnel Slot
1 New Methods of Detection of Caries 1
Upper Tunnel Slot Canyon is a contorted sandstone maze, seemingly unable to make up its mind. Reminiscent of The Wave down near Buckskin Gulch ⇔ Heading back down beside the deep wash. Zebra and Tunnel Slot are both unique and distinct spots. Often photographed, Zebra lives up to its name with amazing pink stripes. Tunnel Slot, as the name implies, is a short section of slot resembling a tunnel. Bring your camera and the kids, this is a great family outing. The hike is reasonably short, with straightforward navigation. 2.3.1 The 'Tunnel' Restoration 34. 2.3.2 The Proximal 'Slot' Preparation 34. 2.3.3 Traditional Cavity Preparation 35. 2.3.4 The Repaired Amalgam Restoration 37. 2.3.5 Cavity Preparations Involving Three or More Surfaces 37. 2.3.6 Treatment of the Large Carious Lesion 38. 2.3.7 The Use of Calcium Hydroxide in Direct Pulp Capping 40. The “tunnel” is a long narrow slot over 200-ft. Long that is usually filled with water. Much of this route is exposed with little or no shade. Be sure to carry plenty of water. The route is best hiked in the spring and the fall. Shop for tunnel-slot soldering tips at Techni-Tool, an industry leader for over 50 years.
1.1 The Diagnosis of Caries 1
1.1.1 DIAGNOdent 5
1.1.2 Digital Imaging Fiber-Optic Transillumination 7
1.1.3 Fiber-Optic Transillumination 8
1.1.4 Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence 9
Treasure Tunnel Slot Machine
1.1.5 Radiology of Dental Caries 10
1.1.6 Electrical Conductance 12
1.1.7 Modern Caries Detection and Management 12
Tunnel Slot Hike
References 13
2 New Developments in Caries Removal and Restoration . . . 17
2.1 Caries Removal 17
2.1.1 Lasers 18
2.1.2 Polymer Bur 20
2.1.3 Micropreparation Burs 20
2.1.4 Air Abrasion (or Kinetic Cavity Preparation) 21
2.1.5 Photoactivated Disinfection 23
2.1.6 CarisolvGel 23
2.1.7 Atraumatic Restorative Treatment 24
2.1.8 Caries-Detector Dyes 25
2.2 Restoration Following Caries Detection 26
2.2.1 Why Are Teeth Restored? 26
2.2.2 Caries as a Disease 27
2.2.3 Preventing Dental Caries 28
2.2.4 When Should Caries Be Restored? 30
2.2.5 Fissure Sealants 32
2.2.6 Ozone Therapy for the Treatment of Caries 32
2.3 Restorative Procedures 34
2.3.1 The 'Tunnel' Restoration 34
2.3.2 The Proximal 'Slot' Preparation 34
2.3.3 Traditional Cavity Preparation 35
2.3.4 The Repaired Amalgam Restoration 37
2.3.5 Cavity Preparations Involving Three or More Surfaces 37
2.3.6 Treatment of the Large Carious Lesion 38
2.3.7 The Use of Calcium Hydroxide in Direct Pulp Capping 40
2.3.8 The Foundation Restoration 41
2.3.9 Practical Aspects of Amalgam Retention 42
2.3.10 Pins vs Bonded Restorations 43
2.3.11 Amalgam Bonding Procedure 44
2.3.12 The Use of Base Materials 45
References 45
3 Posterior Resin Composite Restorations 51
3.1 Ramped Curing Lights 52
3.2 Ceramic Inserts 52
3.3 Nanotechnology 54
3.4 'Total Etch' Technique 54
3.5 Fissure Sealants 55
3.6 Preventive Resin Restorations 56
3.7 Minimal Class II Restorations 57
3.8 Posterior Composite Resin Restoration 57
3.9 Direct Composite Resin Restorations 58
3.10 Studies of Direct Resin-Composite Restoration Survival 60
3.11 Reasons for Failure of Extensive Direct Composite
Resin Restorations 60
3.12 The 'Sandwich' Technique 62
3.13 Packable Composite Resin Materials 62
3.14 New Developments in Resin-Composite Technology 64
References 64
4 The Single Crown, Veneers, and Bleaching 67
4.1 The Single Crown 67
4.1.1 Recurrent Caries and Periodontal Disease 67
4.1.2 The Tooth Becomes Nonvital 69
4.1.3 The Crown Restoration Becomes Loose 69
4.1.4 Perforation of the Crown During Occlusal Adjustment 73
4.1.5 The Appearance of the Crown is Unsatisfactory 74
4.1.5.1 Shade of the Crown 75
4.1.5.2 Shape of the Crown 76
4.1.5.3 Gingival Contour 76
4.1.5.4 Gingival Recession 76
4.2 New Developments in Crown Provision 78
4.3 Veneers 79
4.3.1 Tooth Preparation 79
4.3.2 Disadvantages of Veneers 81
4.3.3 Failure of Veneers 81
4.3.4 Cementation Procedures for a Veneer 83
4.3.5 Provisional Restorations for Veneers 83
4.4 Resin-Bonded All-Ceramic Crowns
(or 'Dentin-Bonded Crown') 84
4.4.1 Marginal Leakage 86
4.4.2 Cementation Procedures for the Resin-Bonded
All-Ceramic Crown 86
4.5 Bleaching of Teeth 87
4.5.1 Cervical Resorption 87
4.5.2 The 'Walking Bleach' Technique 88
4.5.3 Vital Tooth Bleaching 89
4.5.4 In-House Tooth Bleaching 90
4.6 Microabrasion 90
References 92
5 Noncarious Tooth Tissue Loss 95
5.1 Noncarious Tooth Wear 95
5.1.1 Clinical Appearance of Erosion 95
Tunnel Slot Hull
5.1.2 Clinical Appearance of Attrition 96
5.1.3 Clinical Appearance of Abrasion 97
5.2 Prevention of Toothwear 97
5.3 Recent Developments in the Treatment of Tooth Wear 100
5.3.1 Noncarious Cervical Restorations 100
5.3.2 Clinical Procedures for Restoration of Cervical Lesions 100
5.3.3 Why Do Cervical Restorations Fail? 101
5.3.4 New Developments in Direct Posterior Resin Composites . . . 103
5.3.5 Addition of Resin Composite to Anterior Teeth 104
5.3.6 Developments in Indirect Resin Composite Technology 105
5.3.6.1 Targis/Vectris Crowns 106
5.3.6.2 Sinfony 106
5.3.6.3 Belleglass HP 106
5.3.6.4 Other Fiber Systems 107
5.4 Ceramic Inlay and Onlay Restorations 107
5.5 Inlay Restorations 108
5.6 Onlay Restorations 109
5.6.1 Milled Ceramic Inlays or Onlays 111
5.6.1.2 IPS Empress System 112
5.6.1.3 Fortress 113
5.7 Full-Veneer Posterior Porcelain Crowns 115
5.7.1 In-Ceram 115
5.7.2 Procera AllCeram Crowns 116
5.8 Cementation of the Restoration 117
5.9 Choosing the Correct Restorative System 118
5.10 Conclusion 119
References 119
Subject Index 123
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